在EF中，当在dbset使用join关联多表查询时，连接查询的表如果没有建立相应的外键关系时，EF生成的SQL语句是inner join（内联），对于inner join，有所了解的同学都知道，很多时候这并不是我们的本意，实例如下：

var list = from o in context.CTMS_OD_ORDERS                       join d in context.CTMS_SUP_DOCTOR on o.OWNERDOCID equals d.USERID join e in context.CTMS_OD_ORDERSEVALUATION on o.ORDERID equals e.ORDERID select o;`

EF生成了内连接（inner join）查询，当两个表的任一表的数据不匹配时，查询结果就为空！实际上left join（左联接）才是我们想要的，那么怎么样才能生成left join查询呢？其实只要我们如下改造，EF就能为我们生成left join（左联接）查询！

　　　　　　 data = from o in context.CTMS_OD_ORDERS                       join d in context.CTMS_SUP_DOCTOR on o.OWNERDOCID equals d.USERID into dc //这里dc就相当于d from dci in dc.DefaultIfEmpty() //这里dci就相当于dc，所以dci就相当于d,DefaultIfEmpty(),它的作用是当连接的表为空时也会有一条空的数据，达到了left join的效果 join e in context.CTMS_OD_ORDERSEVALUATION on o.ORDERID equals e.ORDERID into ec from eci in ec.DefaultIfEmpty() where o.USERID == userID && (string.IsNullOrEmpty(type) || o.PRODUCTNAME.Contains(type)) select new ODOrders { BalanceStatus = o.BALANCESTATUS, ChannelOrderID = o.CHANNELORDERID, ChannelType = o.CHANNELTYPE, CreateDateTime = o.CREATEDATETIME, CreateUserID = o.CREATEUSERID, CreateUserName = o.CREATEUSERNAME, DocName = dci.DOCNAME, EvalutionStatus = string.IsNullOrEmpty(eci.ORDERID) ? "0" : "1", PayTime = o.PAYTIME, ProductCode = o.PRODUCTCODE, ProductName = o.PRODUCTNAME, ProductInstanceId = o.PRODUCTINSTANCEID, ProductID = o.PRODUCTID, OrderID = o.ORDERID, OrderCode = o.ORDERCODE, OrderStatus = o.ORDERSTATUS, OrderType=o.ORDERTYPE, TotalFee = o.TOTALFEE, UserID=o.USERID, UserName=o.USERNAME };

对比上下两种写法，可以看到在on表的后面我们加上了into xx，还有不要忘记，还需加上from xxx in xx.DefaultIfEmpty(),重要的就是最后的xx.DefaultIfEmpty(),它的作用是当连接的表为空时也会有一条空的数据，达到了left join的效果。